Common Eye Diseases
In Canada, the 4 leading causes of vision loss and blindness are eye diseases. Even if your vision is stable and your eyes feel healthy, a comprehensive eye exam can detect the early warning signs of eye disease before they become apparent.
Cataracts
Cataracts are the clouding of the eye’s natural lens. They are most common in those over 60 but can occur at any age.
Cataracts are easily manageable in their early stages with eyeglasses or contact lenses. However, they may require surgery if they interfere in your daily activities.
Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) causes the deterioration of the macula, the part of the retina responsible for detailed central vision. It progresses over time and generally affects those over 55.
AMD can cause central vision loss and can be detected and diagnosed during routine eye exams.
Glaucoma
Glaucoma is an eye disease that causes progressive damage to the optic nerve. Although it is generally related to elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), there are forms of glaucoma that occur even when IOP is within normal range.
Glaucoma often develops with no symptoms and can lead to vision loss or blindness. However, glaucoma treatments are usually successful if the disease is diagnosed early.
Diabetic Retinopathy
Diabetic retinopathy is an eye disease that develops as a complication of diabetes. It occurs when high blood sugar levels cause blockages in the tiny blood vessels that supply the eye. The damage causes these blood vessels to break and leak and can lead to vision loss.
A comprehensive eye exam can detect signs of diabetic retinopathy and detect and diagnose diabetes.
